Association of Depression with Type-2 Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes: results from insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to use insulin properly, sometimes combined with an absolute insulin deficiency. Diagnosis of diabetes is of importance to psychiatry for a number of reasons. Psychiatric disorders, particularly emotional disorders, are more prevalent in the diabetic population, whilst the development of depression in diabetic patients is associated with poorer glycaemic control, higher prevalence of multiple diabetic complications and greater functional impairment. Current criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes HbA1C ≥6.5%. The test should be performed in a laboratory using a method that is National Glycolatedhemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP)-certified and standardized to the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) assay. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/dl (7.0 m mol/l). Fasting is defined as no caloric intake for at least 8 h, or2-h plasma glucose ≥200 mg/dl (11.1 m mol/l) during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The test should be performed as described by the World Health Organization, using a glucose load containing the equivalent of 75 g anhydrous glucose dissolved in water. Depression: Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration. The association of depression with diabetes was first noted in the scientific literature more than 300 years ago when Willis made the surprising remark that diabetes was the result of sadness or prolonged sorrow . After that time, investigators have studied this co morbidity in patients with either diabetes or depression as the primary disorder and focused on the prevalence of depression in patients with diabetes, the relationship of depression with measures of diabetes severity, the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes in depressed patients, and the effect of depression on diabetes related mortality.